Computación interactiva y emergente en colonias de hormigas

Nelson Alfonso Gómez-Cruz

doi:10.48168/cc012020-001

Autores/as

Nelson Alfonso Gómez-Cruz Centro de Innovación, Escuela de Administración, Universidad del Rosario Laboratorio de Sistemas Inteligentes, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1441

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48168/cc012020-001

Palabras clave:

Sistemas complejos, computación interactiva, computación emergente, colonias de hormigas, forrajeo, sistema de navegación en hormigas

Resumen

Los sistemas vivos procesan información; esto es lo que hacen para vivir. La capacidad de procesar información es, de hecho, uno de los rasgos más sobresalientes de los sistemas complejos adaptativos en general. Se suele aceptar, desde la biología y las ciencias de la computación, que el modelo estándar de computación algorítmica, representado por la máquina de Turing, establece los límites teóricos de lo que la vida puede computar y lo que no. Pese a ello, el tipo de computaciones que realizan los sistemas vivos difiere en maneras fundamentales de las soportadas por la máquina de Turing. En este artículo se demuestra que el sistema de navegación que emplean individualmente las hormigas y las estrategias colectivas para la recolección óptima de alimentos que usa la colonia no se pueden reducir a formas de computación algorítmica. Esta idea justifica la necesidad de desarrollar nuevos modelos de computación que nos permitan desentrañar la lógica computacional y la complejidad de la vida.

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